This is topic Do we want realistic ship-to-ship combat? in forum General Trek at Flare Sci-Fi Forums.


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Posted by Masao (Member # 232) on :
 
The way ship-to-ship combat has been portrayed in recent Star Trek really bugs me. I know it's cool to see starships wheel about like fighter planes, fire phaser and torps at point blank ranges, and fly through clouds of debris, but should combat be like this?

1. With the speed of weaponry and of ships, you'd think that combatants would always be very far apart, at least 1 light second (300,000 km) away. I like how combat was usually shown on TOS. Ships usually were out of eyeball range, such that two ships were rarely seen in the same shot. Ships fired on each other at ranges of tens of thousands of kilometers. In TNG, DS9, and Voyager, on the other hand, ships are usually only a few ship-lengths apart, blasting away at point blank range. Are weapons so poorly targeted and so much weaker than shields that the only chance of causing damage is by firing at a range of a few hundred meters?

2. Speed of ships. Why does combat always seem to taking place at about 100 miles per hour? I know that fighter planes able to fly mach 2.5 dogfight at less than mach 1. This is a function of weapons range and targeting ability. Do starships have a similar problem? To me this is something like having fighter planes taxiing around on a tarmac, chasing each other and throwing grenades. I can understand why combat in orbit or around a space station might be slow, but what about combat in deep space? You'd think that ships would want to go as fast as they can to avoid being hit.

3. Is this what the viewer wants? Are viewers so conditioned from watching Star Wars movies that they expect ship to ship combat to be like a WWII fighter plane movie? Would fans find more realistic combat boring? Is what is shown really what the producers think is happening or is it only a visual style, an artistic representation of combat in which speeds are made to appear lower and ranges are made to appear closer for our benefit?

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Posted by The Talented Mr. Gurgeh (Member # 318) on :
 
I agree, it's ridiculous. The thing is that most audiences don't know the difference. Most people don't concern themselves with "minor technicalities" such as ship ranges, and the TV producers are clued into this. They know that less realistic, flashier combat scenes will catch the eye of about 90% of the audience, and to hell with those of us that would like to see a realistic situation. It's all about numbers, dumb it down for the masses.

What makes it worse is that tactical officers can often be heard to say something like "Klingon Bird of Prey 1000km to starboard", and we are promptly shown a point blank flyby, which further insults our intelligence.

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Posted by Treknophyle (Member # 509) on :
 
It all started with the Wrath of Khan. Due to the nature of Khan's ambush plan - he didn't open fire until the vessels were very close.

When the next movies and series began, the directors simply carried on from here - seeing it as an established precendent - instead of the exception it really was - and ignoring the more "factual" battles from TOS.

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Posted by Sol System (Member # 30) on :
 
Define realistic. I mean, if we wanted to go all out we probably wouldn't see starships at all. Just planets flinging chunks of matter at each other at relativistic velocities and waiting several centuries.

However, to quantify the issue, which would you rather play: Independance War or TIE Fighter? I'm not sure, myself.

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Posted by Masao (Member # 232) on :
 
I mean "realistic" within the Star Trek universe. In this universe we have multithousand-ton (even multimillion-ton) starships capable of travelling at hundreds or thousands times the speed of light. They carry weapons much more powerful than what we have today that can also travel at or beyond light speed. Yet, battles in Star Trek are fought with ships blasting away at each other from ranges of a few hundred meters. When ships pass each other, they seem to be traveling even slower than cars! This combat resembles that of old-time sailing ships more than even fighter plane combat. So, even within the admittedly unrealistic Star Trek universe, combat doesn't make sense.

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Posted by Nim (Member # 205) on :
 
In partial defense of the "dogfight" way of fighting, both the Defiant's and the bird of prey's main weapons have very short duration, so they need to be closer.

In my opinion, the defiant-fights (rescuing Dukat, Tom Riker, "Shattered Mirror") are the most exciting battles of Trek. They use interesting and good maneuvers "one hit could finish us. -Let's not get hit then!"
Or the cool observations in Defiant's first encounter. "The Jem 'Hadar will come in slower this time".

These ARE the things we want to hear from battles, that they do care what happens, not just "Fight commencing! We fight for five more minutes, then we win!", and all is well again. Same with "The die is cast", we want to see what's going on, not just "bridge-view", with a few rumbles and sparks signalling that they got hit...

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Posted by The Talented Mr. Gurgeh (Member # 318) on :
 
Granted, it might be a challenge to make long distance starship combat look "edge of the seat" exciting but I'm sure it could be done.

Considering the ships are hundreds of metres in length with hundreds of people on board, it seems a bit silly to have dogfights. The earlier analogy of sailships describes it perfectly, but instead of inaccurate cannons, the weapons involved are precision phasers and photon torpedoes, to which a starship's evasive manouevres should present little difficulty.

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"If you love wealth more than liberty, the tranquility of servitude better than the animating contest of freedom, depart from us in peace. We ask not your counsel nor your arms. Crouch down and lick the hand that feeds you. May your chains rest lightly upon you and may posterity forget that you were our countrymen"
Samuel Adams


 


Posted by Nim (Member # 205) on :
 
Little difficulty hitting or evading? And I haven't observed torpedoes being that precise.

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Posted by Malnurtured Snay (Member # 411) on :
 
It is unrealistic for the larger ships -- Galor, Galaxy, etc. -- to dogfight ...

But Klingon BOPs, Jem'Hadar fighters, and the Defiant seem to be built for fast manuverability and dogfighting, frankly. I don't understand the beef about their fighting styles.

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Posted by Masao (Member # 232) on :
 
I think it's also unrealistic for small ships to dogfight at the ranges shown on TV. These ships are following each other at just a few ship lengths and appear to be traveling very very slowly, much more slowly than fighter planes. If these ships are capable of travelling at the warp speed or at high sublight speeds, why do they slow down to the speed of a Toyota to fight? If they don't slow down and are travelling at high sublight speeds, why are they so close together?

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Posted by The_Tom (Member # 38) on :
 
While (as I far as I care) sublight "dogfighting" is an acceptable use of artistic license to make the show more exciting, I think saying the starships are moving as fast as a Toyota is a bit unfair.

1) In many shots the "camera" could be "tracking" in the same direction as the subject ship, albeit at a slightly lower speed. Obviously this is the case when we see a ship pass by at warp or impulse, as it lumbers by far more slowly than the ship "should" be going.

2)Even in the DS9 battles where ships have passed by one another going in opposite directions, the ships are still doing at least 200-300 m/s, based on how quickly they travel a distance equal to the ship's length. That's about 1000 km/h. I don't know many Toyotas that can do that.

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Posted by colin (Member # 217) on :
 
There are aspects of Star Trek that I find fault with, and this is not one of them.

Ship combat in space is based on our interpretation of the natural laws of the universe and has no precedent in our society. So, I feel the space battles in Star Trek are a speculation of what could happen.

And the only fault I find with the battles is the presence of sound in space. There is a proven fact that there is no sound in space. Other than that, I am content with the battles.

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Posted by Masao (Member # 232) on :
 
Tom: The example of ships passing is a case where the too-low speeds are most apparent. Three hundred meters per second or 1000 kph is only 1/1,000,000 of light speed, which is pretty damn slow for a ship capable of warp speed. My comparison with a Toyota was going a bit far, but the speed of 1000 kph you suggest is only an order of maghitude above the speed of a Toyota but is 6 orders of magnitude below light speed! I just can't understand why ships capable of such high speeds would slow down so much and make themselves so vulnerable to opposing fire.

And the distances (a few ship lengths) at which they are following (to allow both ships in the same frame) seems way to close. If they are actually travelling high percentages of c, then only a slight decrease in speed or turning of the lead ship would send the following ship crashing into its rear. Even if they are travelling 1000 kph (which I think is ridiculously slow), the tight maneuvers they seem to making would be unlikely and the following distance is still too close. I don't think that real jet fighter follow each other so closely
Another thing to think about is the blast radius of an exploding warp core: you'd think that anything within a few hundred (or thousand?) meters wouldbe consumed.

This close-range dogfighting paradigm doesn't really fit space combat. But I guess we're stuck with it. Like military commanders who are always preparing to fight the last war, we are still fixated on the idea of fighter planes, but this time in space. In the late 1800s, the form of combat thought to be most likely in the future was between gigantic "land leviathans" or "air leviathans," which were basically dreadnoughts (battleships) bristling with guns but transformed into tracked armoured vehicles or airships. Early science fiction stories also featured similar combat in space between giant spaceships.

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When you're in the Sol system, come visit the Starfleet Museum

 


Posted by Golden Tiger on :
 
In TNG, the first and second episodes, there was a Warp speed battle. However, it seemed like the Enterprise couldn't really do any evasive moves. It seemed like no course change could occur without pulling out of warp. I wonder if that could have had an edge in the current battle tactics used.

Another thing from those episodes is when the Enterprise had to go Warp 8 in the opposite direction, they just activated Warp drive a bit, and that really increased there ability to move. So, maybe the ships are fighting, sometimes, more like fighters because they are using their warp fields to give them an edge. Of course, with any improvement like that, the enemy might have a counter for it. If they do, then the ships could be reduced to a slower mode of combat. Also, in order to run, they have to be facing where they want to go, then hit Warp.

I know this is a far fetched idea, but in the versions of Star Trek I saw, the ships generally followed this rule.

Also, in the movie First Contact, the Borg ship (I hope) didn't proceed to Earth at impulse power when it was engaged in battle. So, that indicates that Warp speed battles still occur, just not within Solar Systems, places with gravity fields, etc. It would be a bit more interesting to see a few more Warp Battles in Star Trek (The Borg cube, chased by about 100 or so ships, firing at it. The joy of Warp, bad evasive action! Would be interesting. )

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Posted by Michael Dracon (Member # 4) on :
 
I really enjoyed the Voyager vs Equinox battles. To me these are amongst the best space battles in Star Trek.

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Posted by Matrix (Member # 376) on :
 
Masao, land battleships? Battleships even in the 1800's where easily over a thousand tons. If they were on the ground they would causing massive track impressions probably around a couple of meters deep. If they were hovercraft then they would need massive engines to power them. If they were to go high they would cause a whole shit load of trouble on the ground. With a battleship plane, that's not possible.

Back to the topic, if ships were going at super sonic or hyper-sonic speeds the fight scenes we see we would definately not see. On a race track, you can follow the cars ok right? Imagine that going 10-30 times faster than that. Will you be able to follow them? No. Lasers go at the speed of light, so if phaser are basically advanced lasers then all we would see is a laser show. That's boring.

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Posted by Daniel (Member # 453) on :
 
That's actually one of the few problems I have with Trek space battles besides the noise. You can TRACK phaser fire.

When you turn on a light in a room, or a laser pointer during a presentation, can you actually track the light from the time it leaves the source to when ir hits the wall? No. In Star Trek, the laws of physics are broken and you can.

If you were to actually fire a phaser, you wouldn't see the shot charging and then lancing off at the enemy. Impact would be instantaneous! You'd see a sudden beam of light connect the phaser bank with the target and then disappear.

I do agree that some space battles are too slow. Who says that in "close" (and by close, I mean in AU's or ly's) quarters space battles you can't put up the impulse engines to .85 c? They're certainly capable enough.

The reason I don't believe in battles at warp speeds is the fact that meneuverability is apparently nonexistant while a ship is at warp. (Faster than light, no left or right, et al). Also, you can't engage the warp drive while near a gravity well because it would wreak havoc on the local space-time continuum, as I think someone already pointed out. (Although they continually try and disprove this by having shuttles engage warp [or try to] while in orbit and whatever).

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Posted by Masao (Member # 232) on :
 
I referred to land and air leviathans to show that our thinking is often limited by our experience. Dreadnoughts and armoured cruisers were the most powerful weapons at the turn of the century. Visionaries of that time believed that warfare on land and in the air would similary involve gigantic armoured vehicles mounting many small guns. They were wrong, of course. There were technical limitations, as Matrix mentions, and the importance of small-engined tanks and aircraft were not forseen. In the same way our thinking about future combat is constrained by our past experience. We transfer our favorite paradigm for combat, dogfights between jets flying from aircraft carriers, to space and end up with Star Wars and Battlestar Galactica. I'm not saying that any other paradigm we come up with is not similarly biased, but accurately applying what we do know is likely to give more realistic results.

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Posted by Matrix (Member # 376) on :
 
Battleships migh not be a good option for a modern battle. but they can withstand more gamage than any modern ship a float or not a float.

Do we know actual range of phasers?

When you look into the sky when a plane flies over you, can you see it clearly enough to make out what make it is? For the low-flying yes, but the really high-flying ones, no. Tjose planes are only a few miles high too. Multiply that by 100 times and a object twice as large. Would you be able to a see a phaser battle bewteen the two? No.

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Posted by TheF0rce (Member # 533) on :
 
aside from space combat which i think is developed for eye candy
so i don't mind

what really annoys me is how trek portrays ground combat....now throwing together a bunch of guys with rifles hows is that any more improved than our current fighting by marines?


 


Posted by Davok (Member # 143) on :
 
quote:
You'd see a sudden beam of light connect the phaser bank with the target and then disappear

Wrong, you wouldn't even see a beam. A flashlight's or laser pointer's beam is only visible if there is fog or smoke. In space, there is nothing that could scatter the light beam and divert some photons into your eye.
You could only see an explosion on the target, not knowing what caused it. Quite frankly, I'm happier with multi-colored slow phaser beams making noise than with invisible ships firing invisible weapons at each other.

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Posted by Daniel (Member # 453) on :
 
Oh, that's true! Thanks. Of course, we all know this stuff is for dramatic effect. If it weren't done, we'd all be bored out of our minds and arguing the other direction.

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Posted by Matrix (Member # 376) on :
 
That's life, if something that did happen didn't happen we would argue for that. But when it does happen we argue that shouldn't happen.

I don't mind that Trek does it, after all we aren't alone. Battlestar, Star Wars, etc all do it. Star wars has an 'excuse', they say its for visual reference for the pilots. In Trek, our excuse is so GOD can watch.

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Posted by David Templar (Member # 580) on :
 
We're GOD? Yeppie.

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Posted by The Talented Mr. Gurgeh (Member # 318) on :
 
About phaser fire, what Davok said would be true IF phasers are electromagnetic radiation. Phasers could be plasma or some other type of matter, and therefore would not be expected to behave the same as EM radiation.

By and large, Star Trek is far behind conventional sci-fi when it comes to concepts for space combat, we all accept that. I suppose we should just live with it and enjoy the other aspects of the show.(ie. 7 of 9 )

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Posted by Daniel (Member # 453) on :
 
Phasers are electromagnetic radiation, I think. PHASed Energy Rectification. What else could it be?

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Posted by Nim (Member # 205) on :
 
Actually, the malon artillery systems are projectile based, no visible trajectories. They behaved kind of like triple-A, with flak detonating around Voyager.

Remember "The Man With The Golden Gun"? Lee fucked up Bond's airplane with that harnessed sunlight cannon, in the beginning of the end.
They were sensible enough not to make a shining beam that time, and it cost them less money too. They only had to insert the sound effect at the right place.

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Posted by MinutiaeMan (Member # 444) on :
 
I don't know if anyone watches "Andromeda," but one of the early episodes of the show had a long-range fight where they measured distances in light-seconds. And IMO it was pretty tense, too. Not on the level of "Wrath of Khan" tense, but still exciting.

The episode was "D Minus Zero."

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Posted by Austin Powers (Member # 250) on :
 
About "The Man with the Golden Gun": that was realistic, true, but I still like the Phasers as they are. I don't really have a problem with how they portray space battles in Trek.

As far as TOS is concerned, their "more realistic" look, i.e. less ships, etc. resulted from a lack of money, not interest in realism!

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Posted by crobato on :
 

I wonder if you guys ever played the game Independence War. Not only is this perhaps the most realistic simulation of space combat I have yet seen in a game, but it also turned out that you can have great fun doing it.

I consider the NSO-929 Dreadnaught class Corvette to be one of the greatest ships ever concieved in fiction or game.
 


Posted by Nim (Member # 205) on :
 
Austin, of course I don't advocate soundless and sightless phasers, it was just a comparison.

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Posted by Wes (Member # 212) on :
 
eeep

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Posted by Daniel (Member # 453) on :
 
If you've been reading Wes, we've been saying (I think) that a realistic space battle would be happening so fast it probably couldn't be followed with the naked eye. Ships would be running at speeds from .25c to warp. Distances would exceed the usual "3,000 km." Thus, for the most part, you wouldn't be able to see the combatants. Phasers would be invisible. Photon torpedoes would travel so fast you wouldn't be able to track them. There would be no sound. The only visible aspect would be the blue flashes from the shields and the photon torpedoes exploding. Consoles wouldn't spark at every shot. Evasive meneuvers would be executed with relative success.

As you can see, this dramatically decreases, uh, drama. So it's not like we support realism in battles, but some semblance of balance between realism and dramatic effects.

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Posted by Nim (Member # 205) on :
 
Well, you could also compare it with a Samurai duel vs. an 1880's british "bare knuckle fight". The one can last about a split second, the other for hours.

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Posted by MrNeutron (Member # 524) on :
 
Ah, one of my favorite points of discussion.

1. At the speeds these ships should be traveling they shouldn't be more than momentary blurs to stationary observers. Probably not dramatic per-se, but there are creative ways would can indicate ships are are great speed and far apart and yet still slugging it out. We did it in te opening animation for a computer game I worked on years ago. One ship swooshed by the camera, and one star waaay off in the distance emerged from the background and roared in in a matter of seconds and then flashed by...revealed to be a pursuing spacehip.

A good example of how to use speed in the Enterprise A's approach to Khitomer in ST6...the ship flashes past the camera, which whip pans around after her, only to see her waaaay off in the distance. It gave a great impression of speed.

2. Beams don't have to be shown to be dramatic. We don't see bullets in motion, after all. You could show flashing hits on shields and it would just as exciting as machine-gun fire in a contemporary film.

3. It's more dramatic to show the immense power these weapons would have than to minimize it. Let's face it, we all know that a single phaser hit on an enshields ship should blast it apart. The one shot I always wanted to see was a full power phaser blast flaring like a nova against a weakened deflector, and seeing a few sparks get through, and watch THOSE blow holes in the hull. This would scare the pants off the audience who then sees that 99% of that enegry is barely being withstood, and can visualize that will happen if it gets through.

4. You don't need sound effects in space, but some kind of sound on the soundtrack can make it more dramatic. I proved this to a friend by putting my lasredisc of TWOK on and killing the sound, then synchronized the CD of the score to the video. The music acted as all the sound effects, and it was no less dramatic.

My two forints worth.


 


Posted by Lee (Member # 393) on :
 
quote:
2. Beams don't have to be shown to be dramatic. We don't see bullets in motion, after all. You could show flashing hits on shields and it would just as exciting as machine-gun fire in a contemporary film.

You obviously never saw Blakes 7. There the guns had a clear muzzle that lit up (it was bloody torch, basically), and where it hit would just be a little flash and a puff of smoke. INDESCRIBABLY undramatic!

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Posted by Shik (Member # 343) on :
 
Like the Sandmen's guns!

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Posted by MrNeutron (Member # 524) on :
 
re Blakes' Seven and Sandman guns:

Are citing the exceptions, not the rule. Plenty of exciting gunfights in a century of movies and no bullet-trails are required. Just because Blake and Logan's Run did it badly doesn't mean it can't be done well.

And, getting back to the point of my earlier posts, it's energy and momentum that give life to an action sequence -- plus doing the unexpected. There are numerous (and relatively realistic) tactics that can and could have been tried in SF shows and movies but haven't been done. All kinds of interesting and dramatic camera angles and POVs that don't require two ships to be racing around like two Indy cars trying to pass each other. It's just that the producers and effects people are stuck in a rut and not trying to push the envelope.


 


Posted by The Red Admiral (Member # 602) on :
 
We have to see a 'laser' effect in space for effect's sake, every sci-fi show/movie in history agrees with this. Whether this disagrees with natural physical laws we don't know. Have we ever seen a laser emission in space to know what we'll see? Not really no. As far as the beam being visible, who knows. But PHASERS aren't lasers, they're different fictional technology so it's a moot point. But, when Davok said the beam would be invisible because you need something to illuminate it such as fog, well what's space full of? - Gas.

As far as a shot being instantaneous, not necessarily. The Galaxy Class' Type X phaser has a range of 300,000 km. So in that extreme there would be a period of about a second (at light speed) between a phaser shot being fired, and the impact on the target.

Also, perception of the speed of a vehicle is relative. In a regular space scene you have no solid background information with which to form a tangible frame of reference for a ships relativistic speed. The camera is supposedly only interpretting what the eye would purportedly see if it were veiwing the scene. But it has to be flexible enough to show what's going on without going overboard for drama's sake.

You either show the ship flying by at warp 1 in the way we expect and are familiar with, or you show a red Doplar shift blur for a fraction a milisecond, with all the time dilation effects thereof. Which isn't much fun. So without being ridiculously phoney like Buck Rogers or Flash Gordon, and without being Nth degree sceintifically true like 2001, (as brilliant as that movie was) Trek is the perfect marriage between the two, delivering satisfying, sensible FX.

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Posted by MrNeutron (Member # 524) on :
 
Since you can't see a laser beam in AIR unless it's very dirty air, it's logical to assume you won't see it in space, either. After all, if it doesn't interact with enough stuff to be visible in our dense atmophere, it's sure not going to show up in a vacuum. Also, albeit they may not have been fired in orbit, high-powered ones have been fired in near-vacuum lab conditions on Earth, and you can't see the beams there either.

Sure, no one knows if a "phaser" beam would show up in a vacuum, but I'm supposing for it to show up as a superhot glowing beam the particles within it would have to be radiating photons, which implies elements of the beam are themselves colliding and releasing energy in visible wavelengths, and also means at least some tiny fraction of the beam's energy is lost in the process.

I suppose one could argue that phaser beams are made up of several kinds of particles that interact with one another, producing the characteristic "glow".


 


Posted by TSN (Member # 31) on :
 
"Have we ever seen a laser emission in space to know what we'll see? Not really no. As far as the beam being visible, who knows."

Ye gods... That has to be one of the most misinformed statements I've ever heard. First off, in a laser, or any beam of light, the only way for you to see it is if the light goes into your eye. If the laser isn't pointed at your eye, the only way for the light to get there is to reflect off something. If you shoot a laser in space, there isn't enough matter to reflect enough light for you to see it. If there were, the same matter would reflect sunlight, and you'd be able to see the matter.

Also, I'm fairly certain laser beams have been bounced off the moon from Earth. So, yes, lasers have been shone through space, contrary to your opinion.
 


Posted by Nimrod (Member # 205) on :
 
Aren't we discussing weapon tracers in another thread as well? Or am I dreaming? I seem to recall starting to babble about Space: Above and Beyond...
 
Posted by Daniel (Member # 453) on :
 
Okay... I have to say I agree with TSN. Lasers are invisible to the naked eye and would be so in space, for the reasons he described.

Now phasers, that isn't exactly a moot point. PHASER is supposedly an acronym for PHASed Energy Rectification. Anything involving energy in that sort of sense I assume involves electromagnetic radiation. That one of the few (possibly only, but I'm not sure) types of energy that can travel in a vacuum.

Electromagnetic energy is invisible to the naked eye. That's what composes a laser after all. It's the release of discrete energy packets called quanta, or photons, by electrons as they jump up and down through their various shells. Therefore, we can assume that any "beam" composed of EM radiation or quanta would also be invisible, no? Am I not making sense?
 


Posted by TSN (Member # 31) on :
 
Apparently, phaser beams consist (partially, if not totally) of particles called nadions. If they're matter particles, I suppose we can assume they emit visible light. It would also explain why we can see the beam propagate. A matter beam would be slower than light. It also explains how things like nanoprobes can be fired in a phaser beam.
 
Posted by Balaam Xumucane (Member # 419) on :
 
Me personally, I love all that short range WWII dogfight/Das Boot stuff.
Perhaps because it becomes so much more difficult to maneuver as you get up to substantial fractions of light speed, it would'nt make sense for the ships to travel so fast.
One could assume that tracking technologies would have progressed right along with weapons technologies. If you could figure out where a ship was going and how fast quickly enough, you'd be more likely to hit it if it couldn't dodge so well.
Maybe maneuvering at high sub-light speeds would draw so much energy that beam and shield power would take a hit.
It could be that sensor resolution would decrease as speed increases (because it would, really), and so the comparatively slow speeds ensure that tactical information is accurate and up to nanosecond.
I dunno, really these are just rationalizations. I heart all the beauty shots, visible beams and improbable explosions. That's why my license plate says, 'ST24EVR'.
 


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